Description Set: Hernandez, Daniel G. Host-pathogen interactions of Chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and the aquatic rhabdoviral pathogen infectious hematopoietic
necrosis virus
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- has authorized access point for expression | Hernandez, Daniel G. Host-pathogen interactions of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
and the aquatic rhabdoviral pathogen infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (English) | "eng"
- has summarization of content | Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is an aquatic rhabdovirus that causes
acute disease in Pacific salmon and trout populations in aquaculture facilities and
freshwater conservation hatcheries across the northern hemisphere. While disease occurs
primarily in juvenile fish, assessment of IHNV surveillance records across the US
Pacific Northwest revealed a great majority of IHNV detections to be in adult fish
at spawning. This investigation was premised on the high prevalence of IHNV infection
in adult CRB Chinook salmon in the absence of disease in juvenile fish. Here, we evaluated
field occurrence patterns of IHNV prevalence in Chinook salmon populations and conducted
controlled virus exposures to characterize intraspecific variation in IHNV infection,
disease and viral shedding in diverse Chinook salmon populations of the US Pacific
Northwest. Our goal was to define the unique host-pathogen interactions of Columbia
River Basin Chinook salmon and their interactions with the two genogroups (U and M)
of IHN viruses prevalent in the CRB to better understand the role that Chinook salmon
may have in the ecology and epidemiology of IHNV across the Columbia River watershed.
Throughout this work, L genogroup IHNV was included as a positive control virus known
to cause disease and mortality in California Chinook salmon. In the first stage of
this work, experimental exposures of two genetically distinct populations of Chinook
salmon from Washington State to U, M and L genogroup strains of IHNV showed observable
differences in host susceptibility to infection and mortality at 1g. While not statistically
significant, infection prevalence was higher in the stream-type population with each
of the U and M viruses when compared to the ocean-type population. Similarly, mortality
was also higher in the stream-type population when compared to the ocean-type population.
While differences in host susceptibility were initially attributed to differences
in life history phenotype, these findings may instead be linked to more fundamental
differences in the origin of each host population. In this initial set of controlled
virus exposures, one host population was sourced from outside of the CRB and the other
was sourced from within the CRB. Assessment of field surveillance data for the prevalence
of IHNV infection in Chinook salmon populations from the CRB and coastal watersheds
of Washington and Oregon showed a disproportionally low prevalence of IHNV detection
in Chinook salmon populations outside of the CRB. While differences in host susceptibility
to IHNV infection and mortality between the stream- and ocean-type populations tested
were consistent with field occurrence patterns, additional experimentation with Chinook
salmon populations of the CRB showed juvenile susceptibility to IHNV infection to
be less likely linked to life history phenotype. To comprehensively characterize intraspecific
variation in juvenile Chinook salmon susceptibility to IHNV infection and disease,
four populations of CRB Chinook salmon were experimentally exposed to U, M and L genogroup
strains of IHNV. These controlled laboratory studies showed little variation in the
overall susceptibility of CRB Chinook salmon to IHNV infection. Each host population
became infected with the U and M genogroup viruses, at comparable levels observed
with the positive control L genogroup virus. While infection prevalence and viral
loads were comparably high among the four host populations, mortality was observably
low following exposure to the U and M genogroup viruses relative to the L virus. Together,
these experimental exposures empirically showed that juvenile Chinook salmon of the
CRB can acquire U and M IHNV infections without the virulence observed with these
virus types in juvenile sockeye salmon or rainbow and anadromous steelhead trout.
These findings suggest that the absence of epizootic events in juvenile Chinook salmon
of the CRB is not driven by the inability for U and M viruses to enter these host,
but rather the ability of juvenile Chinook salmon to effectively control viral infections.
In an effort to empirically test the hypothesis that subclinically infected Chinook
salmon serve as vectors of IHNV, controlled laboratory exposures were conducted to
characterized the shedding kinetics of U, M and L genogroup strains of IHNV in two
diverse Chinook salmon populations of the CRB. A proportion of fish from each host
population shed detectable quantities of U, M and L IHNV, where virus shedding peaked
between 2-3 days post exposure and was no longer detected after day 5. While each
host population shed comparable quantities of M and L IHN virus, a notable difference
in the number of fish shedding U virus was observed. A disproportionately low number
of lower CRB ocean-type (fall-run) Chinook salmon shed detectible U virus relative
to the upper CRB stream-type (spring-run) population. Moreover, the stream-type population
shed approximately 1 log more U virus consistently over the course of the infection,
relative to the M and L IHN viruses. While our infectivity studies showed the U and
M viruses to be equivalently infectious in four diverse populations of CRB Chinook
salmon, results of our shedding studies revealed intraspecific variation in the shedding
of U virus in CRB Chinook salmon. Our investigational approach made it possible to
assess results of our controlled laboratory exposures relative to field occurrence
patterns of U and M IHNV infection in Chinook salmon with diverse life history phenotypes.
Assessment of the spatial and temporal distributions of spring-run (stream-type) and
fall-run (ocean-type) Chinook salmon were observed to coincide with the geographic
distributions and prevalence patterns of U and M IHNV across Chinook salmon populations
of the CRB. Together, results of this investigation suggest that CRB Chinook salmon
populations of the spring-run (stream-type) life history phenotype may be differentially
contributing to the successful maintenance of IHNV across the Columbia River watershed. | "eng"
- label | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/51ec4ece-0d37-4d3b-8334-61b8ecd8eea6 | No language tag
- has date of expression | 2019 | "eng"
- has script | Latin | "eng"
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- has details of colour content (Deprecated) | some colour | "eng"
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Description Set: Chen, Meng (Paleontologist). Investigating the functional morphology,
locomotor diversification, and paleoecology of Mesozoic mammals
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- has author agent | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2016011551 | "Chen, Meng (Paleontologist)"
- type | http://rdaregistry.info/Elements/c/C10001 | No resource label(s) in local data
- has subject | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097131 | "Paleontology--Mesozoic"
- has subject | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91002815 | "Paleoecology--Mesozoic"
- has category of work | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026039 | "Academic theses"
- has degree supervisor | http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/no2014053368 | "Wilson, Gregory P. (Gregory Philip)"
- has subject | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2016000196 | "Mammal communities"
- has degree granting institution | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79054596 | "University of Washington"
- has place of origin of work | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79041965 | "Seattle (Wash.)"
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Work:etd | No language tag
- label | Investigating the functional morphology, locomotor diversification, and paleoecology
of Mesozoic mammals | No language tag
- has subject | Mammals, Fossil--Locomotion | No language tag
- has category of work | Theses--Biology | No language tag
- has related work of work | Introduction -- Postcranial skeleton of eutriconodontan Yanoconodon allini from the
Early Cretaceous of Hebei, China and its implications for locomotor adaptation / Meng
Chen, Zhe-Xi Luo, and Gregory P. Wilson -- A multivariate approach to infer locomotor
modes in Mesozoic mammals / Meng Chen and Gregory P. Wilson -- Supplementary materials
for "Inferring locomotor mode in Mesozoic mammals" (submitted to Paleobiology, 17
April, 2014) / Meng Chen and Gregory P. Wilson -- The non-analog ecological structure
of Early Cretaceous Jehol mammal communities / Meng Chen and Gregory P. Wilson --
Supplementary materials for "The non-analog ecological structure of Early Cretaceous
Jehol mammal communities" / Meng Chen and Gregory P. Wilson -- Concluding remarks. | No language tag
- has date of work | 2015 | "zxx"
- has subject | Jehol Group | No language tag
- has preferred title of work | Investigating the functional morphology, locomotor diversification, and paleoecology
of Mesozoic mammals | "eng"
- has note on work | Chapter 3, "A multivariate approach to infer locomotor modes in Mesozoic mammals,"
is a reprint of an article published in the journal Paleobiology. | "eng"
- has subject | Ecological structure | No language tag
- has subject | Mammals, Fossil--Ecology | No language tag
- has subject | Mesozoic mammals | No language tag
- has subject | Functional morphology | No language tag
- has subject | Morphometrics | No language tag
- has subject | Mammals, Fossil--Morphology | No language tag
- has subject | Locomotor diversity | No language tag
- has authorized access point for work | Chen, Meng (Paleontologist). Investigating the functional morphology, locomotor diversification,
and paleoecology of Mesozoic mammals | "eng"
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- has work expressed | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/b7d6a2f8-e217-4b85-a12f-ecbe75b409dd | "Investigating the functional morphology, locomotor diversification, and paleoecology
of Mesozoic mammals"
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- has date of expression | 2015 | "zxx"
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Expression:etd | No language tag
- has colour content (Deprecated) | black and white | No language tag
- has authorized access point for expression | Chen, Meng (Paleontologist). Investigating the functional morphology, locomotor diversification,
and paleoecology of Mesozoic mammals. Text. English | "eng"
- has supplementary content (Deprecated) | Includes bibliographical references. | "eng"
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- has summarization of content | The first two-thirds of mammalian history occurred in the Mesozoic Era (252-66 Ma).
Mesozoic mammals have been long thought of as generalized, nocturnal, terrestrial
taxa that were constrained by selective and ecological pressures imposed by contemporary
terrestrial vertebrates. However, this notion has been challenged by discoveries of
the last two decades. A number of relatively complete Mesozoic mammal skeletons have
distinctive morphologies that suggest their evolution of ecological diversity comparable
to extant mammals. To test this hypothesis, I used qualitative and quantitative approaches
to infer functional morphology, locomotor diversity, and ecological structure of Mesozoic
mammals at the species, clade, and community scale, respectively. The first study
uses functional morphology and comparative anatomy to infer locomotion and posture
in a recently recovered Early Cretaceous eutriconodontan mammal, Yanoconodon allini.
The second study uses multivariate morphometrics of the appendicular skeleton in a
broad sample of extant, small-bodied mammals as a basis to infer locomotor modes in
ten Mesozoic mammal species. The results are combined with previous interpretations
of other Mesozoic mammals to assemble temporal patterns of locomotor diversification
of mammalian clades through the Mesozoic. The third study compares ecological structure
and occupation, as measured by body size, diet, and locomotion, from a broad sample
of extant, small-bodied mammalian communities to the inferred paleoecological structure
of two Early Cretaceous mammalian communities. Results indicate that the ancient mammalian
communities significantly differed from the modern mammalian communities, perhaps
due to sampling artifacts of the fossil record, non-analog paleoenvironments of the
Early Cretaceous communities, and/or evolutionary ecological transitions that only
occurred after the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs. Together, these studies provide
a more comprehensive and more quantitative approach to the study of Mesozoic mammals
at both the species- and community levels. | "eng"
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Description Set: Grinde, Kelsey. Statistical inference in admixed populations
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- has content type | http://rdaregistry.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020 | "text"
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- has summarization of content | Understanding the genetic causes of human diseases and traits has long been of interest
in the scientific community. However, the large majority of research in this area
has been conducted in European populations. This dissertation focuses on developing
statistical methods for genetic studies in admixed populations, such as African Americans
and Hispanics/Latinos, that have been historically underrepresented in genetics research.
The diverse, mixed ancestry of admixed populations presents unique opportunities for
statistical inference, many of which are explored in this work. Here, we focus in
particular on two important tasks: inferring genetic ancestry from genotype and sequence
data, and identifying genetic variants associated with complex traits and diseases.
We propose and evaluate methods for inferring local ancestry on chromosome X, correcting
for multiple testing in genome-wide admixture mapping studies, and controlling for
confounding by global ancestry in admixture mapping and genome-wide association studies
in admixed populations. We motivate our proposed methods with theoretical results,
simulation studies, and applications to genotype and whole genome sequence data from
large studies of African American and Hispanic/Latino individuals. Our work provides
solutions to a number of the statistical challenges posed by genetic studies in admixed
populations, and we hope that our results will help guide future studies in these
populations. | "eng"
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Expression:etd | No language tag
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Description Set: Shi, Yue, 1988- . Species from feces
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- has author agent | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2020045118 | "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2020045118"
- has place of origin of work | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79041965 | "Seattle (Wash.)"
- Has Creator Characteristic | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/demographicTerms/dg2015060372 | "Chinese"
- has degree supervisor | http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n82087995 | "Wasser, Samuel K."
- has degree granting institution | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79054596 | "University of Washington"
- has category of work | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026039 | "Academic theses"
- has subject | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85037964 | "Digestive organs--Microbiology"
- type | http://rdaregistry.info/Elements/c/C10001 | No resource label(s) in local data
- has subject | Microbial diversity--Tibet, Plateau of | No language tag
- has preferred title of work | Species from feces | "eng"
- has subject | Animal droppings--Analysis | No language tag
- has date of work | 2019 | "zxx"
- has subject | Chiru--Seasonal distribution--Tibet, Plateau of | No language tag
- label | Species from feces | No language tag
- has related work of work | Genetic resilience of a once endangered species, Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii)
/ Yue Shi, Jiarui Chen, Jianping Su, Tongzuo Zhang, Samuel K. Wasser -- Shift of maternal
gut microbiome of Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) during the perinatal period
/ Yue Shi, Ziyan Miao, Jianping Su, Samuel K. Wasser -- Prey partitioning between
sympatric canid species revealed by DNA metabarcoding / Yue Shi, Yves Hoareau, Ellie
Reese, Samuel K. Wasser | No language tag
- has subject | Chiru--Feces--Analysis | No language tag
- has subject | Gray wolf--Ecology--Washington (State) | No language tag
- has subject | Chiru--Variation--Tibet, Plateau of | No language tag
- has subject | Chiru--Feces--Microbiology | No language tag
- has subject | Coyote--Ecology--Washington (State) | No language tag
- has subject | Coyote--Feces--Washington (State)--Analysis | No language tag
- has subject | Gray wolf--Food--Washington (State) | No language tag
- has category of work | Theses--Biology | No language tag
- has authorized access point for work | Shi, Yue, 1988- . Species from feces | "eng"
- has subject | Gray wolf--Feces--Washington (State)--Analysis | No language tag
- has year degree granted | 2019 | "zxx"
- has subject | Fecal DNA--Analysis | No language tag
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Work:etd | No language tag
- has subject | Chiru--Migration--Tibet, Plateau of | No language tag
- has subject | Animal population genetics--Tibet, Plateau of | No language tag
- has academic degree | Ph. D. | "eng"
- has subject | Coyote--Food--Washington (State) | No language tag
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- has language of expression | http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/languages/eng | "English"
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- has work expressed | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/a806ceaa-4ec4-46c2-99c8-3f11c8cfa3dd | "Species from feces"
- has illustrative content (Deprecated) | http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/millus/map | "Maps"
- has date of expression | 2019 | "zxx"
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- has summarization of content | Effective species recovery plans rely on adequate scientific data, being tailored
to the species' natural history and keeping up with rapid socioeconomic changes. My
dissertation focuses on two great conservation success stories, Tibetan antelope (Pantholops
hodgsonii) on the Tibetan Plateau and gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Washington State.
These two species have different needs in terms of recovery. Tibetan antelope have
a unique natural history that we need to consider in order to help them recover to
their maximal potential. Whereas, for wolves, as apex predators, their recoveries
rely on restoring the full suite of trophic interactions in their ecosystem. I used
noninvasive fecal sampling and molecular tools to study the natural history of Tibetan
antelope and trophic interactions of wolves. Chapter one shed light on how the movement
of Tibetan antelope may be the genetic resilience mechanism in the face of dramatic
population decline. It is crucial to ensure their migration routes remain unobstructed
by growing human disturbances while continuing to enforce anti-poaching law enforcement
efforts. Chapter two took a more in-depth look at their seasonal female migration,
as it is synchronized with the perinatal period when substantial physiological changes
take place. I characterized the maternal gut microbiome of Tibetan antelope and demonstrated
its shift in microbiome composition during the transition from late pregnancy to the
postpartum period. It is essential to build a baseline for the changes in microbiome
during this critical transition period when both the females and offspring are most
vulnerable. If increasing human activities disrupt their migration routes and reproductive
cycles, we can have a better understanding of the impacts on their reproductive health.
Chapter three focused on characterizing the wolf-coyote interactions, how their interactions
change over time and space, and how it might affect the local prey populations. I
developed a dietary analysis protocol using fecal DNA and DNA metabarcoding to characterize
their diet profiles with the fine-grained resolution. This protocol can be applied
to other carnivore species to help understand the impacts of recovery of apex predators
on the local ecosystems. | "eng"
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Expression:etd | No language tag
- has authorized access point for expression | Shi, Yue, 1988- . Species from feces. Text. English | "eng"
- label | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/541a0131-f24b-48cf-800a-0fc9616a0622 | No language tag
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Description Set: Murg, Bradley Jensen. Impetus or impediment
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Description Set: Bagley, Ashley (Ashley Marie). Evaluating temperature buffering capacity
of floodplain side channels to promote refugia for salmonids in the Stillaguamish
River basin
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Description Set: Carey, Cathea Marcena. Help-seeking patterns and perceived barriers
to care among Latino immigrant men with unhealthy alcohol use
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- has work expressed | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/b7ef5c30-4e4c-459c-8361-2c371359894f | "https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/b7ef5c30-4e4c-459c-8361-2c371359894f"
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- has summarization of content | Background: Latino immigrant men have high rates of unhealthy alcohol use, yet we
know little about their help-seeking patterns and barriers to care. Methods: We described
the help-seeking patterns and perceived barriers to care of a sample of Latino immigrant
men (N=121) recruited to a pilot randomized trial of a brief alcohol intervention
(the Vida PURA study). All men were Latino, immigrant, spoke Spanish, and had an Alcohol
Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) score equal/greater than 6. Interviewer-administered
survey data were used to describe help-seeking and barriers to care across alcohol
use severity. Results: AUDIT scores ranged from 6 -40 (M = 20, SD = 10); 49% (n=60)
of men screened positive for severe unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT score equal 20, and
30% (n=36) reported having sought help for drinking. 61% of men who had sought help
for drinking (n-36) reported attending Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). All men reported
perceived barriers to care, especially stigma and health care system related. Conclusion:
Findings suggest further investigation of interventions based on severity level to
address stigma and health care system barriers. | "eng"
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- label | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/02c8be46-235a-4bbc-b18d-85065829236d | No language tag
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Description Set: Ketterer, Elizabeth. Mindfulness-based interventions and opioid use
disorders
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- has colour content (Deprecated) | color | No language tag
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- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Expression:etd | No language tag
- has summarization of content | Objective: Mindfulness based interventions have been found useful for substance use
disorders, smoking, and alcohol use disorders. As the opioid epidemic grows each year
in the United States, the need for research on the effectiveness of a broad range
of interventions is urgently needed. The aim of this review is to clarify and summarize
what is known about the effectiveness of mindfulness as an intervention for opioid
use disorders. Methods: A systematic review was conducted of mindfulness-based interventions
(MBIs) and opioid use disorders (OUDs). The search utilized PubMed for peer reviewed
journal articles and subsequently, articles listed in the bibliographies of the original
articles. All articles found in the searches that were published to date, in English,
and on studies conducted in the United States were considered. Results: Five studies
used for the review included a randomized controlled trial, a feasibility trial, and
cross-sectional analysis of three studies. Mindfulness-Orientation Recovery Enhancement
(MORE) treatments were reported to significantly reduce pain severity, increase non-reactivity
and reinterpretation of pain sensations, lower stress arousal and desire for opioids
after treatment. Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) treatments showed a statistically
significant decrease in depression, craving and trauma symptoms, with feasibility
and acceptability reported by study participants. Significant association was found
between dispositional mindfulness and attention to positive information. The studies
reviewed also showed contradicting conclusions for an association between opioid craving
and misuse. Conclusions: The review of these studies did not provide sufficient evidence
to determine MBIs would be an effective treatment option for OUDs. Insufficient evidence
was found to indicate the frequency and duration required for effective treatment.
Further research with larger sample sizes, utilizing tools to measure more consistent
results with less room for reporting bias is needed. | "eng"
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- Administrative metadata
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Description Set: Arostegui, Martin C. (Martin Christopher). Nonanadromous life history
diversity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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- has content type | http://rdaregistry.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020 | "text"
- has illustrative content (Deprecated) | http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/millus/ill | "Illustrations"
- type | http://rdaregistry.info/Elements/c/C10006 | No resource label(s) in local data
- has language of expression | http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/languages/eng | "English"
- has work expressed | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/15381424-2eda-4d58-ad47-b1029e784398 | "Nonanadromous life history diversity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)"
- has colour content (Deprecated) | file:///home/forge/rda.metadataregistry.org/storage/repos/projects/177/xml/termList/rdacc1003 | "polychrome"
- has preferred title of expression | Nonanadromous life history diversity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) | "eng"
- has authorized access point for expression | Arostegui, Martin C. (Martin Christopher). Nonanadromous life history diversity of
rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). English | "eng"
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- has note on expression | Includes bibliographical references. | "eng"
- has summarization of content | Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a salmonid species, native to Pacific Ocean
drainages in North America and eastern Russia, which exhibits fluvial (stream-resident),
adfluvial (lake-migrant), and anadromous (ocean-migrant) ecotypes. The differentiation
of fluvial and anadromous individuals in sympatry is well-studied, whereas comparatively
little research has focused on the adfluvial form and its distinction from fluvial
individuals in sympatry. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation was to investigate
the ecological, genetic, and phenotypic diversity of nonanadromous rainbow trout in
a natural stream-lake system to better understand the differentiation of fluvial and
adfluvial individuals in sympatry, the basis of residency versus migration in this
species, and the role of lakes in salmonid diversification. Rainbow trout were sampled
in the lake (thus, by definition, adfluvial) and in several tributary streams (where
adfluvial and fluvial individuals may co-occur), and were examined for a variety of
features to develop a holistic understanding of the behavior, ecology, and evolution
of these life history pathways. Stomach contents and stable isotopes revealed disparate
trophic ecology among rainbow trout in connected stream and lake habitats, suggesting
both an ontogenetic shift in the diet of adfluvial fish as well as divergence in diet
between adfluvial and fluvial ecotypes. Rainbow trout in streams fed primarily on
aquatic insects, while those in the lake largely consumed snails and amphipods; however,
partial trophic convergence among trout in these two habitats occurred when they incorporated
the marine nutrient subsidy of spawning sockeye salmon eggs. Stable isotope data suggested
that the minimum size of migration from stream to lake habitat by adfluvial fish was
~150 mm fork length, suggesting a juvenile stream-rearing period of a year or more
prior to lake entry. Dietary niche comparisons with sympatric Salvelinus species suggested
a greater degree of dietary overlap between rainbow trout and Dolly Varden (S. malma)
in streams than between rainbow trout and Arctic char (S. alpinus) in the lake, which
may increase the relative fitness benefits of migration over residency for rainbow
trout. Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing revealed an association between
habitat type (stream or lake) and a chromosomal inversion in the rainbow trout genome
as well as numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms, supporting the genetic divergence
of adfluvial and fluvial ecotypes in sympatry. Rainbow trout in streams were nearly
fixed for the rearranged haplotype of the Omy05 inversion, whereas trout in the lake
exhibited a markedly higher frequency of the ancestral, anadromy-associated haplotype.
The functions of outlier genes with nonsynonymous mutations among stream- and lake-caught
trout paralleled those documented in studies of fluvial and anadromous O. mykiss,
highlighting the migratory nature of the adfluvial ecotype even though it is nonanadromous.
Structure was present at both non-outlier and outlier loci among and within streams
supporting populations nearly fixed for the rearranged Omy05 haplotype (i.e., with
a genetic predisposition for stream-residency), highlighting the roles of local adaptation
and genetic drift via spatial isolation in population divergence. Assessment of lateral
coloration patterns and multivariate analyses of body shape of rainbow trout from
stream and lake habitats over a range of body sizes revealed ontogenetic and ecotypic
variation in coloration and morphology. Color differences among trout of different
size classes and habitats indicated ecotype-specific pathways resulting in different
terminal coloration patterns; banded parr in streams transitioned to either a silver
coloration suited to pelagic waters in the lake (when adfluvial) or bronze coloration
suited to confined cover in streams (when fluvial). The morphology of lake-caught
rainbow trout was distinct from that of stream-caught trout, and their morphological
differentiation exhibited many shared but some unique patterns compared to sympatric
Dolly Varden in streams and Arctic char in the lake. Patterns of morphological variation
in rainbow trout among and within habitats suggested the presence of partial migration,
in which both fluvial and adfluvial individuals are produced from the same population.
A review of the spawning behaviors, rearing strategies, and trophic polymorphisms
in lakes among 16 species of salmonids from the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo, and Salvelinus
identified a negative association between the extent of reliance on lakes and the
degree of anadromy. Oncorhynchus exhibits the least lake reliance, Salmo an intermediate
level, and Salvelinus the greatest; opposite of the anadromy spectrum identified in
previous studies. Lakes support life history forms, reproductive ecotypes, and trophic
morphs unique to lacustrine habitat, and also support anadromous and fluvial salmonids
by providing spawning, rearing, overwintering, and/or summer refuge habitat. Adfluvial
and anadromous salmonids exhibit similar migration-associated traits and behaviors
including the parr-smolt transformation, sex-biased partial migration, and the presence
of precocious 'jack' males. | "eng"
- label | Nonanadromous life history diversity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) | No language tag
- has date of expression | 2019 | "eng"
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Expression:etd | No language tag
- has details of colour content (Deprecated) | some colour | "eng"
- Administrative metadata
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Description Set: Mahorter, Siobhan.Parental health literacy, barriers to care, and
child hospital outcomes among hospitalized children
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- has subject | http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D057220 | "Health Literacy"
- has category of work | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026039 | "Academic theses"
- has degree granting institution | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79054596 | "University of Washington"
- has subject | http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D006776 | "Hospitals, Pediatric"
- has subject | http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000080536 | "Decision Making, Shared"
- type | http://rdaregistry.info/Elements/c/C10001 | No resource label(s) in local data
- has subject | http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003144 | "Communication Barriers"
- has author agent | Mahorter, Siobhan | No language tag
- has academic degree | M.P.H. | "eng"
- has date of work | 2019 | "zxx"
- has authorized access point for work | Mahorter, Siobhan.Parental health literacy, barriers to care, and child hospital outcomes
among hospitalized children | "eng"
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Work:etd | No language tag
- has degree supervisor | Petrescu-Prahova, Miruna | No language tag
- has place of origin of work | Seattle | No language tag
- has degree supervisor | Lion, K. Casey | No language tag
- has year degree granted | 2019 | "zxx"
- label | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/82f4a21f-79c9-4370-b40e-16dd363466bf | No language tag
- has preferred title of work | Parental health literacy, barriers to care, and child hospital outcomes among hospitalized
children | "eng"
- Administrative metadata
Use this IRI to dereference the resource in Sinopia:
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- type | http://rdaregistry.info/Elements/c/C10006 | No resource label(s) in local data
- has content type | http://rdaregistry.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020 | "text"
- has work expressed | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/82f4a21f-79c9-4370-b40e-16dd363466bf | "https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/82f4a21f-79c9-4370-b40e-16dd363466bf"
- has summarization of content | Objectives: Parents with low health literacy (HL) are less likely to participate in
shared decision-making with their child's provider. We explored associations between
parents' HL and barriers to participation and clinical outcomes. Study design: We
conducted a prospective cohort study using secondary survey and administrative data
at a large pediatric hospital from 10/2014 through 12/2015. Parents of children admitted
to a medical or surgical service who completed a two-phase survey were included. We
used linear and logistic regression to estimate associations between low HL and patient
outcomes (length of stay, unplanned readmission) and five parent-reported barriers,
adjusting for confounders. Results: Of eligible families, 10.7% (391) had low HL.
Children of parents with low HL stayed in the hospital 0.18 days longer than children
of parents with adequate HL (95% CI=0.027-0.310) but were not more likely to experience
unplanned readmission (OR=0.95; 95% CI=0.61-1.49). Parents with low HL had higher
odds of cultural distance with their child's provider (OR=1.38; 95% CI=1.03-1.84).
We found a possible association between low HL and system barriers (OR=1.33; 95% CI=0.95-1.86),
physician distrust (OR=1.46; 95% CI=0.92-2.33), and better partnership (OR=0.65; 95%
CI=0.40-1.06), though the magnitude remains uncertain. Low HL was not associated with
distrust in the healthcare system after adjusting for covariates (OR=0.91; 95% CI=0.66-1.27).
Conclusions: HL was associated with longer length of stay and several parent-reported
barriers to care. Strategies that better engage low-HL families could increase involvement
in shared decision-making by reducing cultural distance, system barriers, and distrust,
and might thereby reduce length of stay. However, HL is not the only (or most important)
barrier families face. | "eng"
- label | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/e81fff3a-c7f7-4edc-affb-2130397410b1 | No language tag
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Expression:etd | No language tag
- Administrative metadata
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Description Set: An, Jonathan Y. Targeting mTOR to reverse age-associated periodontal
disease
Statements on the RDA Work Resource
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Use this IRI to dereference the resource in Sinopia:
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- has work expressed | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/f0658123-0bae-4399-8fd7-c2404bcdc005 | "https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/f0658123-0bae-4399-8fd7-c2404bcdc005"
- has content type | http://rdaregistry.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020 | "text"
- has illustrative content (Deprecated) | http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/millus/ill | "Illustrations"
- type | http://rdaregistry.info/Elements/c/C10006 | No resource label(s) in local data
- hasResourceTemplate | WAU:RT:RDA:Expression:etd | No language tag
- has colour content (Deprecated) | color | No language tag
- label | https://trellis.sinopia.io/repository/washington/1b711e5c-66ac-4298-ae7e-0f8ac6016dec | No language tag
- has script | Latin | "eng"
- has summarization of content | Old age is the single greatest risk factor for morbidity and mortality in developed
nations. Successful interventions that delay the biological aging process or increase
healthy longevity in people could have profound benefits for quality of life, productivity,
and reduced healthcare costs (Goldman et al. 2013;Kaeberlein et al. 2015). The FDA
approved mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, represents an outstanding candidate for such an
intervention. The field of Geroscience, which seeks to understand how aging causes
disease and develop preventative and therapeutic approaches, has shown that this geroprotective
intervention impacts major age-related diseases such as heart disease and Alzheimer⁰́₉s
disease. In contrast to major age-associated diseases, the relationship between biological
aging and oral health is often neglected among broader dental, biomedical, and Geroscience
research communities. We present in Chapter 1 that implementing Geroscience within
oral health research is imperative to our geriatric population, who experience age-related
diseases also in the oral cavity, such as periodontal disease and oral cancer. In
Chapter 2, we explore if the geroprotective compound rapamycin impacts the oral cavity
by investigating its effect on periodontal bone loss, a hallmark of an age-associated
oral disease known as periodontal disease. Chapter 3 then addresses the groundwork
for properly designing Geroscience studies using animal models to understand oral
health and disease. Lastly, in Chapter 4 we take the framework we have addressed from
Chapter 3 and our observations in Chapter 2 to uncover the novel finding that rapamycin
reverses age-associated periodontal disease. This work is transformative as it capitalizes
on advances in Geroscience to enhance our understanding of the mechanistic and molecular
basis for age-associated changes in the periodontium leading to disease. We go beyond
just addressing knowledge gaps to extend oral healthspan but uncover possible interventions
that target aging hallmarks in the oral cavity - ultimately leading to clinical strategies
to treat periodontal disease in elderly patients. | "eng"
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Description Set: Equity, humility, and culturally responsive education in health professional
schools / Yris T. Lance.
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This page last updated: 2020-08-31
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